Jungian Archetypes

Archetypes are within the collective unconscious. They are mystical and artistic creations of ancient civilizations. Similarities in artistic images across cultures all the interpretation of unexpressed personal issues. Symbols give greater depth. Empirical testing is personal and subjective only. Is the collective unconscious something from beyond that extends downward into humanity or is it an emergent property arising out of the three dimensional matrix formed by interconnected human souls?Jung would have used the collective unconscious for more than the explanation of similarities in the cultural mythologies between cultural without physical contact. He would have brought in many kinds of phenomena beyond the explanation of a science restricted to the uniformity of natural causes within a closed system. A system closed to influences from beyond; the supernatural.
Individuation is the remedy for psychic imbalance. It is a return to a state of integration between conscious and unconscious.Persona is the mask that we wear for the world. The persona is dynamic. It adapts to the reactions we receive from the world. As we learn to value approval as a secondary reward, our persona mask is changed to elicit favorably reactions. Changes in Persona that are major life events are celebrated through ritual.
The Anima or Animus are like the shadow in that they are repositories for characteristics inconsistent with the ego but these characteristics inconsistencies are of a gender nature. A man’s feminine side or a woman’s masculine side. Biochemically all our bodies produce hormones indicative of the opposite gender. The amount to which the other side shines through may be more indicative of the potency, bioavailability, or the amount of other gender hormone produced. Certainly testosterone shows greater effects in post menopausal women, but even if estrogen produced breasts in older men would they still be as noticeable as the mustache on an older woman? Would passivity in an older man be as noticeable as aggression in an older woman? Are these phenomena interpreted according to cultural conventions? Are gender roles purely the result of social learning? 
The shadow is the repository for elements in the unconscious that have been neglected or shunted aside in the development of the persona. The shadow is the connection between the conscious and unconscious. It’s appearance represents moral conflict. The shadow that is integrated with the persona is the grey areas that give the image contrast. The shadow is the same gender as the persona. Cross gender images would be the Anima or Animus not the shadow.Self the most important archetype integration and balance; it provides the personality with unity and stability. During development aspects of the personality grow in a piece-meal fashion. The social identity and the internal identity grow at different rates. The part of the personality that works toward a unified whole is called the transcendent function. The unconscious participates in this function in a dynamic manner. It nudges the ego this way and that to focus attention on lesser development matters.